JAM’UL QUR’AN: DINAMIKA PENGUMPULAN DAN PELESTARIAN TEKS SUCI DALAM ULUMUL QUR’AN

Abstract

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sejarah pengumpulan Al-Qur’an, dengan fokus pada upaya menjaga keaslian teks dan keseragaman bacaan di kalangan umat Islam. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan historis-deskriptif dengan mengkaji tahapan pengumpulan Al-Qur'an sejak masa Nabi Muhammad Shalallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam hingga era Khulafaur Rasyidin, serta dampak dari proses tersebut terhadap disiplin ilmu keislaman. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur terhadap referensi utama dan pendukung, termasuk analisis teks Al-Qur'an dan catatan sejarah terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengumpulan Al-Qur'an melalui proses yang sistematis dan hati-hati di bawah pengawasan para sahabat, khususnya Khalifah Abu Bakar As-Siddiq dan juga Utsman bin Affan, telah menghasilkan mushaf standar yang diterima hingga saat ini. Penetapan mushaf standar ini berhasil mengatasi perbedaan bacaan di kalangan umat dan berperan penting dalam menjaga kesatuan umat Islam. Selain itu, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa proses kodifikasi Al-Qur’an berkontribusi besar pada kemajuan ilmu-ilmu keislaman, seperti qira’at, tafsir, dan filologi. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi beberapa isu kontemporer, seperti digitalisasi Al-Qur'an, pendidikan Al-Qur'an, dan tantangan dalam melindungi keaslian serta kesatuan pemahaman di tengah keberagaman masyarakat.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the history of the compilation of the Qur'an, focusing on efforts to preserve the authenticity of the text and the uniformity of recitation among Muslims. This qualitative research employs a historical-descriptive approach, examining the stages of Qur'anic compilation from the time of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) to the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, as well as the impact of this process on Islamic disciplines. Data were collected through literature review of primary and secondary references, including an analysis of the Qur'anic text and related historical records. The findings of this study show that the compilation of the Qur'an, through a systematic and meticulous process under the supervision of the companions, especially Caliphs Abu Bakr As-Siddiq and Uthman ibn Affan, resulted in the standard mushaf that is accepted to this day. The establishment of this standard mushaf successfully addressed differences in recitation among the community and played a significant role in preserving the unity of the Muslim ummah. Furthermore, this study found that the codification of the Qur'an greatly contributed to the advancement of Islamic sciences, such as qira’at, tafsir, and philology. The research also identifies several contemporary issues, such as the digitalization of the Qur'an, Qur'anic education, and the challenges of preserving authenticity and unity of understanding amidst the diversity of society.